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Understanding the 7 types of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Tue Jun 15 2021  ·  

 ·  5 min read
Types of AI
Introduction

 

What is Artificial Intelligence?

Artificial Intelligence is a division of computer science that strives to replicate or simulate human intelligence in a machine, so that machines can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. Some programmable functions of AI systems include planning, learning, reasoning, problem solving, and decision making.

Types of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Flowchart Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Let us now take a deeper look!

Type 1- On the basis of Capabilities

Narrow or Week AI

Artificial Narrow Intelligence, also known as ‘week AI’ is one of the most frequently experienced types of AI. It is something that the tech world has accomplished. Every AI machine we see and use today belongs to this field, which operates under constrains. For exemplar, voice recognition AI is used to predict people’s voice based on the dataset it is trained with. Apple Siriis is a perfect example of Narrow AI, but it operates with a limited pre-defined range of functions.  The deep learning model comprises the ‘Limited Memory’ type and similar tasks could be a case of ‘Reactive Machines.’ Some Examples of Narrow AI are playing chess, purchasing suggestions on e-commerce site, self-driving cars, speech recognition, and image recognition.

General AI

Artificial General Intelligence, also known as ‘strong AI’ allows a machine to apply knowledge and skills in different contexts. The notion behind the general AI to make such a system which could be smarter and think like a human by its own. This more closely mirrors human intelligence by providing opportunities for autonomous learning and problem-solving.

Super AI

Artificial Super Intelligence is more advanced than ‘strong AI’ which could end the human race. It will not only duplicate the multi-faceted intelligence of human beings but will be exceptionally better at everything. The ASI will be designed with better memory, faster data processing and analysis, and decision-making capabilities.

Some key characteristics of strong AI include capability include the ability to think, to reason, solve the puzzle, make judgments, plan, learn, and communicate by its own.

Type 2- On the basis of Functionalities

Reactive Machines

Reactive machines are the most basic types of AI systems that perceive the world directly and act on what it sees. The computer is purely reactive, and neither has to form memory nor to use past experience. Such AI systems do not store memories or past experiences for future actions. These machines only concentrate on current scenarios and react on it as per possible best action. Some examples of this include IBM’s Deep Blue system and Google’s AlphaGo

Limited Memory

Limited memory machines are exact copy of reactive machines added with historical data which will help them take decisions. Majority of machines that we use today are limited memory machines, which are powered by datasets. AI systems use deep learning and are trained by large volumes of data that they store in their memory to form a reference model for solving future problems. Self-driving cars are one of the best exemplars of Limited Memory systems. These cars can store recent speed of nearby cars, the distance of other cars, speed limit, and other information to navigate the road.

Theory of mind

The theory of mind machines characterizes an advanced class of technology and exists only as a concept. This kind of AI requires a comprehensive understanding of people’s and thing’s feelings and behavior within an environment. This AI type is a critical technological improvement that sorts people’s emotions, sentiments, and thoughts. Even though many improvements are made to reach this stage of AI, it is not fully completed.

Self-Awareness

Self-aware AI is the exact thing that is portrayed in AI-movies. The essential AI robots that think on their own and destroy humans is the ideology-driven from self-aware AI. Great tech personalities like Elon Musk and Stephen Hawking’s have constantly warned us about the evolution of AI which could reach the self-aware stage. Self-awareness AI is the future of Artificial Intelligence. These machines will be super intelligent, and will have their own consciousness, sentiments, and self-awareness. This concept does not exist in reality yet and is presently a hypothetical concept.

References

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